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Biology
通过流动细胞测定检测和描述 Vivo 中的蛋白质自组装
通过流动细胞测定检测和描述 Vivo 中的蛋白质自组装
JoVE Journal
Biology
This content is Free Access.
JoVE Journal Biology
Detecting and Characterizing Protein Self-Assembly In Vivo by Flow Cytometry

通过流动细胞测定检测和描述 Vivo 中的蛋白质自组装

Full Text
11,496 Views
05:58 min
July 17, 2019

DOI: 10.3791/59577-v

Shriram Venkatesan*1, Tejbir S. Kandola*1, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gama1, Andrew Box1, Randal Halfmann1,2

1Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 2Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology,The University of Kansas School of Medicine

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This study presents a FRET-based flow cytometry protocol designed to quantify protein self-assembly in living cells, specifically using S. cerevisiae and HEK293T cells. The methodology allows for high sensitivity and single-cell resolution, overcoming limitations of existing techniques.

Key Study Components

Research Area

  • Protein self-assembly
  • Cellular biology
  • Flow cytometry techniques

Background

  • Current methods for studying protein self-assembly lack sensitivity and throughput.
  • Understanding the dynamics of protein interactions in cells is essential for advancing molecular biology.
  • FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer) provides a direct readout of protein interactions.

Methods Used

  • FRET-based flow cytometry protocol
  • Model organisms: S. cerevisiae and HEK293T cells
  • Single-cell analysis for high-throughput data collection

Main Results

  • Demonstrated the assay’s ability to quantify protein self-assembly efficiently.
  • Identified distinct populations of cells exhibiting varying levels of AmFRET indicative of self-assembly.
  • Validated findings with imaging techniques corroborating the self-assembly dynamics.

Conclusions

  • The study successfully establishes a reliable assay for quantifying protein self-assembly in vivo.
  • This protocol has significant implications for future research in protein interactions and cellular mechanisms.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is FRET?
FRET stands for Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer, a technique used to study the interactions between proteins by measuring energy transfer between two fluorescent molecules.
Why use S. cerevisiae and HEK293T cells?
These cell types are widely used in research due to their established methodologies for genetic manipulation and high relevance in studying protein interactions.
What challenges are addressed by this protocol?
The protocol addresses challenges related to low sensitivity, indirect readouts, and limited throughput in studying protein self-assembly.
How does sensitivity affect the results?
Improved sensitivity enables the detection of subtle differences in protein interactions that might be overlooked with less sensitive methods.
What role does photo conversion play in this assay?
Photo conversion is a crucial step that enhances the assay’s ability to detect and quantify protein self-assembly by converting fluorescent probes into a form conducive to FRET analysis.
Can the assay be used for other proteins?
Yes, the assay can be adapted for various proteins to study their self-assembly and interactions under different conditions.
What are the implications of this research?
This research has implications for understanding complex biological processes and can lead to advancements in drug design and therapeutic interventions targeting protein interactions.

本文介绍了一种基于FRET的流式细胞测定方案,用于量化S.cerevisae和HEK293T细胞中的蛋白质自组装。

缺乏适当的工具限制了了解细胞中蛋白质自组装的物理基础。当前方法具有低灵敏度、间接读数、吞吐量有限和/或总体级别分辨率。相比之下,我们的测定检测并量化蛋白质在体内自我组装的倾向,无论蛋白质定位或溶解度如何,其敏感、单细胞、高通量读出率都高。

首次尝试检测时,正确获取照片转换可能需要一些经验测试,以获得在整个板中实现良好读出的最佳条件。如果测速仪没有用于F FRET和接受器信号的单独检测滤波器,测定的灵敏度也会受到影响。与我展示这个程序的将是安德鲁·博奇,细胞学核心的实验室经理。

为DAmFRET准备酵母培养物,对于每一个查询蛋白,在96孔圆底培养板的单个孔中,在200微升中接种三分之一中转化酵母菌群,以适当的非诱导生长介质。在30摄氏度下每分钟1200次旋转时,以1.5毫米的轨道孵育酵母细胞,16小时。在孵化结束时,通过离心沉淀酵母细胞,通过强力反转去除超级钠。

加入200微升适当的感应介质,并将细胞返回震动培养箱12小时。在孵化结束时,通过离心和强力反转沉淀酵母细胞,然后加入200微升新鲜诱导介质。然后用震动孵育细胞4小时,以减少自动荧光。

要对样品进行照片转换,请将带盖的板放在装有 320 至 500 纳米滤光片的紫外灯和放置在板上方 45 厘米处的光束准直器下。打开灯,通过摇动将细胞转换为 25 分钟。对于 DAmFRET 数据收集,将照片转换的细胞加载到成像流细胞仪上,使用非共振 488 和 561 纳米激光器,通过高圆度和小细胞面积将四个单未布化细胞门。

然后收集荧光正门内每个样本的2到5倍到4个单个细胞的数据。在分析结束时,使用非照片转换的mEos3.1样本进行纯供体信号,单体DSRed2用于纯接受器信号来设置补偿。要获得更多灵敏度,请确保 FRET 探测器通道也被视为分析程序中的溢出目标。

计算 AMFRET 参数作为总 FRET 信号除以总 FRET 接受信号的比率。单独表达荧光蛋白的酵母细胞的 AmFRET 配置文件显示可忽略不计的 AmFRET,而酵母细胞作为稳定的同糖体表达到荧光蛋白中,则显示均匀的阳性 AMFRET 值。通过成像流式细胞学获得的细胞图像显示所有通道中扩散的荧光。

Z 堆栈的多个细胞场的共体显微镜显示荧光在整个细胞的细胞索尔均匀分布,没有可检测的 puncta。酵母细胞单独表达荧光团或荧光粉加上人类炎症体蛋白的突变形式,在整个浓度范围内表现出微不足道的 AMFRET,表明无法自我互动。相比之下,野生型炎症体蛋白表现出一个DAmFRET特征,其中一个可以忽略不计的AMFRET种群和一个高AMFRET种群。

请注意,野生型炎症体蛋白即使在高浓度下也具有抗自我组装性,而蛋白质在细胞的一小部分中切换到自组装形式。这清楚地表明存在自组装的成核屏障。正如荧光成像所证实的,这些群体分别代表仅含有可溶性蛋白质或大部分自组装蛋白的细胞。

事实上,DAmFRET 证实了先前的结构数据,即炎症体中的点突变会破坏此表达系统所实现的浓度的成核。请注意,缺乏Caspase-1表达的哺乳动物细胞中的蛋白质表达特征与酵母细胞中观察到的相似。要记住的最重要的一步是照片转换。

其他关键步骤包括收集足够数量的未饱和的荧光信号事件,并正确获得补偿。用适当的生物化学、合理的变异和结构生物学方法进行跟踪测定,有助于充分阐明自组装的机理。

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