Nanostructured surfaces have recently attracted substantial attention due to their various potential applications, including patterning, cell culture, cleaning, and surface switching. For example, superhydrophobic surfaces inspired by the nanostructure of the lotus leaf and other responsive surfaces are capable of reacting to external stimuli1-4.
The Langmuir film is one of the most widely studied polymer coatings. A Langmuir film is formed by dropping amphiphilic molecules onto an air-water interface5-8. The film can then be transferred onto a solid surface by physical or chemical adsorption, and the molecular conform....