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Neuroscience
高效液相色谱分析和触多巴胺摄取对小鼠多巴胺能稳态的评价
高效液相色谱分析和触多巴胺摄取对小鼠多巴胺能稳态的评价
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JoVE Journal Neuroscience
Assessment of Dopaminergic Homeostasis in Mice by Use of High-performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis and Synaptosomal Dopamine Uptake

高效液相色谱分析和触多巴胺摄取对小鼠多巴胺能稳态的评价

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12,978 Views
11:26 min
September 21, 2017

DOI: 10.3791/56093-v

Kathrine L. Jensen1, Annika H. Runegaard1, Pia Weikop2, Ulrik Gether1, Mattias Rickhag1

1Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Lundbeck Foundation Center for Biomembranes in Nanomedicine, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,University of Copenhagen, 2Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen and Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology,University of Copenhagen

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Overview

This study presents two techniques to investigate dopamine homeostasis in mice: the assessment of dopamine transporter function through synaptosomal dopamine uptake and the analysis of dopamine levels in striatal tissue using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These methods allow for the evaluation of dopamine tissue content and transporter functionality, especially after in-vivo manipulations.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

  • Neuroscience
  • Dopamine Transporter Function
  • High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Background

  • Dopamine plays a crucial role in various neural functions.
  • The dopamine transporter is critical for dopamine reuptake and homeostasis.
  • Understanding dopamine dynamics can provide insights into neurological disorders.
  • HPLC is a reliable method for quantifying neurotransmitter levels.

Purpose of Study

  • To provide protocols for assessing dopamine transporter function.
  • To measure dopamine content in the striatum of mice.
  • To facilitate the understanding of dopamine homeostasis post-manipulation.

Methods Used

  • The study utilizes synaptosomal preparations and HPLC for analysis.
  • Mice serve as the biological model, particularly focusing on their striatal tissue.
  • The protocols can be executed following chemogenetic manipulations or drug treatments.
  • Detailed steps are provided for brain dissection, tissue preparation, and analysis.

Main Results

  • Both methods enable robust measurement of dopamine levels and transporter activity.
  • The study provides insights into the parameters of dopamine homeostasis in a controlled setting.

Conclusions

  • The protocols established in this study enhance the understanding of dopamine transport dynamics.
  • They enable researchers to assess the impact of various manipulations on dopamine neurotransmission.

Frequently Asked Questions

What advantages does synaptosomal preparation offer?
Synaptosomal preparation allows for the isolation of synaptic terminals, providing a focused assessment of neurotransmitter dynamics without interference from other cell components.
How are dopamine levels measured in the study?
Dopamine levels are quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which allows for precise analysis of neurotransmitter concentrations in tissue samples.
What interventions can affect dopamine homeostasis?
The methods implemented can be applied following chemogenetic manipulations, drug treatments, or behavioral training, influencing dopamine transporter function and levels.
What is the role of the dopamine transporter?
The dopamine transporter regulates dopamine signaling by reabsorbing dopamine from the synaptic cleft, thus playing a crucial role in maintaining neurotransmitter homeostasis.
How can this study's methods be adapted?
The techniques can be adapted for various experimental manipulations and different neuronal pathways, facilitating broader applications in neuroscience research.

触多巴胺摄取和高效液相色谱分析是通过评估多巴胺转运体的功能和纹组织中多巴胺的水平来研究小鼠体内多巴胺稳态的实验工具,分别.在这里, 我们提出了测量多巴胺组织含量和评估多巴胺转运体功能的协议。

我们在该协议中引入了两种技术。第一个目标是通过测量突触体制剂的多巴胺摄取来评估多巴胺转运蛋白功能。第二个是通过 HPLC 分析评估组织中多巴胺的水平。

这些方法通过展示如何测量多巴胺组织含量和评估小鼠多巴胺转运蛋白的功能,提供了多巴胺稳态的重要参数。这些技术的主要优点是它们可以在体内作后进行,例如化学遗传学作、体内药物治疗或动物的行为训练。演示 HPLC 程序的是神经精神病学实验室的副教授 Pia Weikop。

要开始此程序,请通过切开皮肤并去除任何多余的组织来露出颅骨。接下来,沿着矢状缝合线一直向前切开颅骨。将剪刀尖放入眼睛中,然后切开剩余的头骨,将其切除。

快速取出大脑并将其放入冰冷的 PBS 中。之后,使用脑基质,解剖纹状体的 3 毫米冠状切片。然后用穿刺进行更精细的解剖。

随后,将组织转移到 1.5 毫米的微量离心管中进行称重。然后,对第二个大脑重复这些过程。一旦两个大脑都获得了等待,将组织转移到含有 1 毫升冰冷匀浆缓冲液的均质玻璃杯中。

之后,使用电动杵匀浆组织。接下来,将均质物质转移到 1.5 mL 微量离心管中,并用 0.5 mL额外的均质缓冲液冲洗,从均质玻璃杯中收集剩余的均质。之后,通过离心沉淀细胞核和细胞碎片。

然后,将含有细胞膜和细胞质的上清液转移到新的 1.5 mL 微量离心管中,并在 4 摄氏度下离心 20 分钟。之后,丢弃含有细胞质的上清液,并在匀浆缓冲液中以每毫克组织 40 微升重新悬浮含有粗突触体的沉淀。在此步骤中,将 440 微升摄取缓冲液、配体和可卡因添加到 12 个指定的 1.5 毫升微量离心管中,将 440 微升摄取缓冲液和配体添加到剩余的 36 个 1.5 毫升微量离心管中。

将 6 个 2 mL 微量离心管标记为 10、5、2.5、1.25、0.62 和 0.31。然后,将 750 μL 的摄取缓冲液和配体添加到编号最低的 5 个微量离心管中。接下来,向标记的试管中加入 1, 455.4 微升摄取缓冲液和配体、14.6 微升未标记的多巴胺和 30 微升氚化多巴胺 10.

接下来,将 750 微升混合物从标有 10 的试管转移到标有 5 的试管中。充分混合并将 750 微升混合物从该试管转移到标有 2.5 的试管中。用剩余的试管重复此稀释。

之后,放入 12 孔过滤桶后,用 4 毫升吸收缓冲液预冲洗玻璃超细纤维过滤器。之后,将 10 微升突触体膜悬液添加到前 24 个 1.5 毫升微量离心管中,其中含有 440 微升缓冲液。小心涡旋并快速旋转以确保突触体浸没在缓冲液中。

然后,将它们在 37 摄氏度下放置 10 分钟。10 分钟后,在前两列中加入 50 微升 10 微摩尔和 5 微摩尔的多巴胺,并在 37 摄氏度下摇晃 5 分钟。5 分钟后,加入 1 毫升冰冷摄取缓冲液终止反应,用 2.5 微摩尔和 1.25 微摩尔重复,然后用 0.62 微摩尔和 0.31 微摩尔重复。

将样品添加到预先冲洗的超细纤维过滤器中,并用 5 到 4 毫升冰冷摄取缓冲液洗涤。将前 12 个样品添加到滤光片后,将滤光片移动到闪烁管上。对接下来的 12 个样品重复此作。

通过在闪烁管的底部 49 至 51 处放置超细纤维过滤器并在顶部添加 25 微升 10 微摩尔的最大多巴胺来准备三个最大计数管。之后,将所有 51 个闪烁管在通风橱中放置 1 小时。然后,向每个闪烁管中加入 3 毫升闪烁液,并在摇床上剧烈摇晃 1 小时。

要在 beta 计数器中计算氚化多巴胺一分钟,请打开程序并选择合适的设置。对于蛋白质测定,使用标准 BCA 蛋白质测定试剂盒,以确定突触体的蛋白质浓度,以便进行调整和正确比较样品之间的摄取。对于组织制备,向每个样品中加入 500 μL 均质溶液,并使用超均质器全速匀浆所有样品约 30 秒。

在均质化过程中将样品保存在冰水中。接下来,在 4 摄氏度、14, 000 x G 下离心样品 30 分钟,然后将每个样品的大约 200 微升转移到玻璃 0.22 微米过滤器中,然后通过 EC-HPLC 方法分析样品。要设置检测器,请将输出设置为 700 毫伏,并在检测器烘箱上将温度设置为 32 摄氏度。

将样品瓶放入自动进样器中。使用在线手册制作范围程序,并根据表 2 添加时间程序。通过打开程序来设置系统。

接下来,键入用户 ID 和密码,然后单击 "确定"。然后,等待程序连接到仪器。然后,转到 batch table 并填写数据信息。

通过转到"文件"来保存文件,然后单击"将批处理文件另存为",然后单击"保存"。随后,按 start batch (开始批处理) 进样第一个样品。之后,当样品完成后,转到数据采集以跟踪色谱图。

然后,转到 LC 运行后分析并选择文件名。然后,单击视图。在手动积分栏上,添加所有要积分的峰,然后转到 Data report 并打印读数。

将程序添加到检测器后,将制备好的标准品注入 5 μL、10 μL 和 15 μL,绘制三点校准曲线。在该图中,代表性数据描述了野生型小鼠通过突触体制剂的多巴胺转运蛋白摄取多巴胺的饱和曲线。黑点是单独显示的四只鼠标的值。

绿色曲线显示了通过组合每组 4 到 6 只小鼠的数据通常如何描述数据。这是在调整样品的实际蛋白质浓度之前的原始数据的饱和度图。该图显示了含可卡因样品的计数,用于从摄取数据中减去背景。

这种控制对于确定摄取数据的可靠性至关重要。该直方图显示了多巴胺转运蛋白的摄取能力,该直方图显示多巴胺转运蛋白的 Km 为 0.1 正负 0.03 微摩尔,这与旋转圆盘伏安法非常对应,该方法将多巴胺转运蛋白的 Km 值描述为 0.6 至 1.2 微摩尔。在尝试突触体光学手术时,通过准备突触体始终将组织保持在冰上非常重要。

在多巴胺突触体摄取测定之后,可以执行额外的程序,例如表面生物素化测定,以确定多巴胺摄取的干扰是否可以由多巴胺转运蛋白表面表达的改变来解释。看完这个视频后,你应该对如何通过访问纹状体组织制剂中的多巴胺转运蛋白的功能和多巴胺水平来研究小鼠的多巴胺稳态有一个很好的了解。

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