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Developmental Biology
致心律失常心肌病患者心内膜心肌活检样间质基质细胞的分离与鉴定
致心律失常心肌病患者心内膜心肌活检样间质基质细胞的分离与鉴定
JoVE Journal
Developmental Biology
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JoVE Journal Developmental Biology
Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients

致心律失常心肌病患者心内膜心肌活检样间质基质细胞的分离与鉴定

Full Text
8,116 Views
09:16 min
February 28, 2018

DOI: 10.3791/57263-v

Chiara Assunta Pilato*1,2, Ilaria Stadiotti*1, Angela Serena Maione1, Valentina Saverio1, Valentina Catto3, Fabrizio Tundo3, Antonio Dello Russo3, Claudio Tondo2,3, Giulio Pompilio1,2, Michela Casella*3, Elena Sommariva*1

1Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit,Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS, 2Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health,Università degli Studi di Milano, 3Heart Rhythm Center,Centro Cardiologico Monzino-IRCCS

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This article presents a method for isolating cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (CMSCs) from endomyocardial biopsies of patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. It details the characterization of these cells and a protocol to enhance their adipogenic differentiation.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

  • Cardiac biology
  • Stem cell research
  • Adipogenic differentiation

Background

  • Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a heart disease characterized by the replacement of cardiac muscle with fibrous or fatty tissue.
  • Understanding the role of cardiac stromal cells in this condition can provide insights into disease mechanisms.
  • Isolation of CMSCs from small heart specimens is crucial for studying their properties.
  • This method can also be adapted for other cardiovascular diseases requiring endomyocardial biopsies.

Purpose of Study

  • To isolate CMSCs from patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.
  • To evaluate their adipogenic differentiation potential.
  • To characterize the surface markers of these cells.

Methods Used

  • Collection of endomyocardial biopsy from the right ventricle.
  • Digestion of tissue samples using collagenase.
  • Flow cytometry for surface marker characterization.
  • Oil Red O staining to assess lipid accumulation post-differentiation.

Main Results

  • CMSCs were successfully isolated and characterized.
  • Cells exhibited positive markers for mesenchymal lineage.
  • CMSCs from patients accumulated more lipid droplets compared to healthy controls.
  • Methodology allows for rapid processing and analysis of cells.

Conclusions

  • This protocol provides a reliable method for isolating CMSCs from cardiac biopsies.
  • Insights gained can enhance understanding of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.
  • Potential applications extend to other cardiovascular research areas.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells?
Cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells are a type of stem cell found in the heart that can differentiate into various cell types, including adipocytes.
How is the biopsy collected?
An endomyocardial biopsy is collected from the right ventricle using integrated electroanatomical mapping and cardiac fluoroscopy.
What is the significance of adipogenic differentiation?
Adipogenic differentiation of CMSCs may play a role in understanding the pathological processes in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.
What techniques are used for cell characterization?
Flow cytometry is used to characterize the surface markers of the isolated CMSCs.
How does this method benefit cardiovascular research?
This method allows for the isolation and study of cardiac stromal cells, providing insights into their role in heart diseases.
Can this method be applied to other diseases?
Yes, the technique can be adapted for studying other cardiovascular diseases that require endomyocardial biopsies.

本文提供了一种从致心律失常心肌病患者心内膜心肌活检样品中分离心间质基质细胞的方法。描述了它们的表征和提高脂肪分化的协议。

该方案的总体目标是从致心律失常性心肌病患者中分离心脏间充质基质细胞,测试它们的成脂分化能力并对其表面标志物进行表型分析。这种方法可以帮助回答致心律失常性心肌病领域的关键问题,例如心脏基质细胞参与脂肪替代并强调分子机制。该技术的主要优点是,只需从非常小的心脏标本中进行少量简单传代即可分离造口细胞。

虽然这种方法可以提供对致心律失常性心肌病研究的见解。它也可以应用于其他系统,例如需要进行心内膜心肌活检的心血管疾病的研究。当我们了解到我们可以缩小造口细胞分离程序以将其应用于心脏活检以及它可以为我们提供的电生理学时,我们首先研究了这种方法的想法。

对于该方案,使用集成的电解剖标测和心脏透视从 ACM 患者的右心室收集心内膜心肌活检。取约 5 克组织,将其运送到 TMES 培养基中的实验室。在实验室,根据需要设置生物安全柜,以执行直到体内消化的程序。

然后将活检转移到板中并用 PBS 洗涤两次。此时,可以在显微镜下对活检进行照片记录。接下来,将活检物转移到含有 1 毫升胶原酶溶液的 2 毫升试管中。

其中,将样品切成 0.5 到 1 毫米宽的小碎片。然后将组织在 37 摄氏度下连续旋转搅拌孵育 90 分钟。接下来,离心消化的溶液,去除上清液,并将沉淀重新悬浮在 1 毫升 PBS 中。

然后再次离心管,去除上清液,并将沉淀重悬于 1 毫升 TMES 中。现在将悬浮液铺在 60 毫米的板上,并使用 TMES 将板填充至 3 毫升,但不能再填充了。然后根据文本方案培养和扩增细胞。

在开始之前,请准备好细胞解离试剂、洗涤缓冲液和所需的抗体。当培养物的估计细胞数达到 300 万时,用 10 毫升无菌 PBS 洗涤 100 毫米板两次。接下来,向细胞中加入 5 mL 细胞解离试剂,并在室温下孵育板 7 至 10 分钟以分离细胞。

细胞分离后,向细胞中加入 15 ml PBS,并将悬浮液转移到 50 ml 试管中。现在,离心细胞并将沉淀重悬于 1 毫升洗涤缓冲液中。然后对细胞进行计数,并将 300 万个细胞转移到新试管中,最终体积为 1.5 mL。

接下来,将悬架分成 12 个传真管。在每个试管中,加入用于表征推荐浓度的 CMSC 的抗体。确保包括同种型对照。

准备好后,将试管在室温下避光孵育 15 分钟。然后向每个试管中加入 1 毫升洗涤缓冲液以终止反应。然后离心细胞,去除上清液,并将沉淀重悬于 250 微升洗涤缓冲液中。

现在继续使用流式细胞术表征细胞。细胞成脂分化后,使用 ORO 染色检测脂质积累。在开始之前,请务必有 ORO 工作解决方案。

在对细胞进行染色之前,去除培养基并用 2 毫升 PBS 洗涤细胞两次。然后用 4% 多聚甲醛覆盖细胞,在室温下固定 5 分钟。接下来丢弃多聚甲醛,用 2 毫升 PBS 洗涤细胞两次。

第二次洗涤后,加入足够的 ORO 工作溶液以覆盖细胞。然后将板在室温下孵育一小时。此孵化必须在 autosolution 无法运行的环境中进行,因此不建议使用满房间。

孵育后,吸出 ORO 溶液并用 2 毫升 PBS 洗涤细胞数次,直到在 PBS 洗涤液中看不到染色,直到在显微镜下观察时未检测到非特异性染色。现在,使用倒置组织培养相差显微镜,以 20 倍放大倍率捕获每个孔的 20 张图像。文本协议中提供了详细信息。

如前所述,从心内膜心肌活检中分离出 CMSCs。为了确认它们的间充质谱系,将细胞与适当的 florofour 偶联抗体一起孵育,并通过流式细胞术进行分析。CMSCs 对特异性间充质表面抗原 CD29 、 CD44 和 CD105 呈阳性。

已知 CD90 阳性细胞的分数是可变的。内皮遗传、单核细胞或巨噬细胞遗传、拟声遗传和主要组织相容性复合物的标志物未表达。接下来,在 T.ADIPO 培养基中培养 CMSCs 以进行成脂分化,并用 ORO 染色以寻找细胞内脂滴。

来自致心律失常性心肌病患者的 CMSC 比来自健康对照的细胞积累更多的脂滴。在 72 小时和 7 天的分化条件下测量这些差异。一旦掌握,细胞分离可以在 3 小时内完成,染色可以在 2 小时内完成,传真分析可以在 3 小时内完成。

按照这个程序,可以进行其他方法,如药物测试,以回答其他问题,比如我们可以使用来自同一患者的造口细胞对不同的刺激做出反应。该技术开发后,为致心律失常性心肌病领域的研究人员探索人心脏基质细胞参与疾病发病机制铺平了道路。

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