Rapid Isolering av BMPR-IB + adipose-avledet stromale celler for bruk i en Calvarial Defect Healing Model
Summary
Adipose-derived stromal cells may be useful for engineering new tissue from a patient’s own cells. We present a protocol for the isolation of a subpopulation of human adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) with increased osteogenic potential, followed by application of the cells in an in vivo calvarial healing assay.
Abstract
Invasive cancers, major injuries, and infection can cause bone defects that are too large to be reconstructed with preexisting bone from the patient’s own body. The ability to grow bone de novo using a patient’s own cells would allow bony defects to be filled with adequate tissue without the morbidity of harvesting native bone. There is interest in the use of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) as a source for tissue engineering because these are obtained from an abundant source: the patient’s own adipose tissue. However, ASCs are a heterogeneous population and some subpopulations may be more effective in this application than others. Isolation of the most osteogenic population of ASCs could improve the efficiency and effectiveness of a bone engineering process. In this protocol, ASCs are obtained from subcutaneous fat tissue from a human donor. The subpopulation of ASCs expressing the marker BMPR-IB is isolated using FACS. These cells are then applied to an in vivo calvarial defect healing assay and are found to have improved osteogenic regenerative potential compared with unsorted cells.
Introduction
Store beinskader som følge av skade, infeksjon eller invasiv kreft har en betydelig innvirkning på pasientens bedring og livskvalitet. Teknikker finnes for å fylle disse defekter med friskt ben fra andre steder i pasientens egen kropp, men denne overføringen bærer sin egen sykelighet og risikoen for komplikasjoner 1, 2, 3. Videre har en del feil er så stor eller kompleks at tilstrekkelig donor bein er ikke tilgjengelig for å fylle defekten. Proteser er en potensiell mulighet for å fylle beinskader, men disse er forbundet med flere ulemper inkludert smitterisiko, maskinvarefeil, og fremmedlegeme reaksjon fire.
Av disse grunner er det stor interesse for muligheten for å konstruere biologiske bensubstitutter ved hjelp av en pasientens egne celler 5. Adipose-deriverte stromale celler (ASCs)har potensial for dette programmet fordi de er rikelig tilgjengelig i pasientens eget fettvev, og de har vist evne til å helbrede beinskader ved å generere ny benvev 6, 7. ASCs er en mangfoldig befolkning av celler og flere studier har vist at å velge for spesifikke celleoverflatemarkører kan produsere cellepopulasjoner med forbedret osteogene aktivitet 8, 9. Valg av ASCer med høyest osteogene potensialet vil øke sannsynligheten for at et stillas sådd med disse cellene kan regenerere et stort bendefekt.
Benmorfogenetisk protein (BMP) signalering er kritisk for regulering av beindannelse og differensiering 10 og BMP-reseptor typen IB (BMPR-IB) er kjent for å være viktig for osteogenesis på ASCer 11. Nylig, har vi vist at uttrykk av BMPR-IB kan be anvendt for å selektere for ASCer med forbedret osteogen aktivitet 12. Her viser vi en protokoll for isolering av BMPR-IB-uttrykk ASCer fra humant fett, etterfulgt av en undersøkelse av deres osteogen aktivitet ved anvendelse av en in vivo-modell calvarial defekt.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
Kritiske trinn i protokollen
Under innhøstingen av ASCs, er det avgjørende skritt tilstrekkelig fordøyelsen av fett med kollagenase. Utilstrekkelig fordøyelse vil resultere i et lavt utbytte av ASC. Under FACS-sortering av BMPR-IB + celler, er det viktig å nøye definere porten for positivitet. Definere porter for løst kan føre sorterte bestander som ikke er rene. Under etableringen av calvarial defekt, er det avgjørende å bore defekten gjennom benet av skallen, men ikke for å rykke i…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
C.D.M. was supported by the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Resident Research Scholarship. M.S.H. was supported by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) Clinical Fellow training grant TG2-01159. M.S.H., H.P.L., and M.T.L. were supported by the American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons (ASMS)/Maxillofacial Surgeons Foundation (MSF) Research Grant Award. H.P.L. was supported by NIH grant R01 GM087609 and a gift from Ingrid Lai and Bill Shu in honor of Anthony Shu. H.P.L. and M.T.L. were supported by the Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine and The Oak Foundation. M.T.L. was supported by NIH grants U01 HL099776, R01 DE021683-01, and RC2 DE020771. D.C.W. was supported by NIH grant 1K08DE024269, the Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, and the Stanford University Child Health Research Institute Faculty Scholar Award.
Materials
| 100 micron cell strainer | Falcon | 352360 | |
| 15 blade scalpel | Miltex | 4-515 | |
| 24 well plate | Corning | 3524 | |
| 40 micron cell strainer | Falcon | 352340 | |
| 50 mL conical centrifuge tubes | Falcon | 352098 | |
| 6-0 Ethilon nylon suture, 18", P-3 needle, | Ethicon | 1698G | |
| Anti-BMPR-IB primary antibody | R&D systems | FAB5051A | |
| BioGel PI surgical gloves | Mölnlycke Health Care | ALA42675Z | |
| Buprenorphine SR | ZooPharm | ||
| Castro-Viejo needle driver | Fine Science Tools | 12565-14 | |
| CD1 nude mouse | Charles River | 086 | |
| Collagenase Type II powder | Gibco | 17101-015 | |
| DMEM medium | Gibco | 10564-011 | |
| Drill: Circular knife 4.0 mm | Xemax Surgical | CK40 | |
| Drill: Z500 Brushless Micromotor | NSK | NSKZ500 | |
| FBS | Gicbo | 10437-077 | |
| Fisherbrand Absorbent Underpads, 20" x 24" | Fisher Scientific | 14-206-62 | |
| Fisherbrand Sterile cotton gauze pad, 4" x 4" | Fisher Scientific | 22-415-469 | |
| Heating pad | Kent Scientific | DCT-20 | |
| Hyclone 199/EBSS medium | GE Life Sciences | SH30253.01 | |
| Isothesia isoflurane | Henry Schein | 050033 | |
| Micro Forceps with teeth | Roboz | RS-5150 | |
| Micro Forceps with teeth | Roboz | RS-5150 | |
| Paraffin film (Parafilm) | Bemis | PM996 | |
| PBS | Gibco | 10010-023 | |
| Pen-Strep | Gibco | 15140-122 | |
| PLGA scaffolds | Proprietary Formulation | ||
| Poloxamer 188, 10% | Sigma | P5556-100ML | |
| Polylined Sterile Field, 18" x 24" | Busse Hospital Disposables | 696 | Cut a rectangular hole of the appropriate size |
| Polysucrose Solution: Histopaque 1119 | Sigma | 11191 | |
| Povidone Iodine Prep Solution | Medline | MDS093944H | |
| Puralube petrolatum ophthalmic ointment, 1/8 oz. tube | Dechra Veterinary Products | ||
| RBC lysis buffer | Sigma | 11814389001 | |
| Webcol alcohol prep swabs | Covidien | 6818 |
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