Summary

荧光染料在耳蜗畸形中识别脑脊液泄漏的内膜应用

Published: February 29, 2020
doi:

Summary

内卡内应用荧光辛用于实现CSF泄漏的术中可视化。该协议描述了腰椎穿刺,5%荧光辛的应用,以及使用全数字显微镜的术中可视化。

Abstract

在脑脊液 (CSF) 泄漏的情况下,需要可靠地检测其来源,以充分密封泄漏并预防并发症,如脑膜炎。本文介绍了一种在双边先天性耳畸形临床病例中使用宫内施用荧光辛的方法。荧光染料在术中施用,以实现CSF泄漏的术中可视化。染料在手术前20分钟施用,使用浓度为5%。每10公斤体重,在体内施加0.1 mL的液体。荧光辛使用全数字显微镜进行可视化。液体泄漏的来源在胶带脚板中识别。在初级手术期间,它被密封,并进行人工耳蜗植入,以恢复听力。在此特定情况下,6周后,植入物因急性脑膜炎而外植,电极阵列作为间隔器离开。术后,在听觉涂片中,检测到β-转移蛋白。在修正性解剖过程中,发现泄漏的覆盖错位。胶带被拆除,椭圆形窗户被密封。修正手术后五天,在听觉涂片中未检测到β-转移蛋白。在6个月后对人工耳蜗的修正期间,观察到椭圆形壁片的完整覆盖。因此,在钙荧光辛应用被证明是检测CSF泄漏的可靠工具。它促进畸形和复杂或未知的手术位置的方向。在文献中,它被描述为CSF瘘在子宫内科手术,但很少描述在头骨基地和乳腺手术。该方法在CSF泄漏的几种情况下得到了成功应用,结果证实了安全访问泄漏源的可行性。

Introduction

CSF 泄漏可能由创伤、先天性或自发性出现引起。临床上,它们通过耳鼻喉科或犀牛骨出现,可通过阳性β-转移蛋白分泌1,2予以确认。在CSF泄漏的情况下,需要可靠地检测其来源,以充分密封泄漏并预防并发症,如脑膜炎。

已知在神经外科颅底手术3后检测CSF泄漏时高度敏感。然而,对于其确切应用(例如,浓度、液体量、添加其他药物(如地塞米松)3、4)没有共同的共识。大多数病例描述过鼻内窥镜颅底手术,而通过显微镜5、6、7来可视化时间骨骼中CSF泄漏的标准化方法则缺失。这些泄漏经常发生在多个本地化,并承担复发的风险,如果他们的整个范围在手术8期间没有可视化。具体来说,只发现一种透射方法具有反复泄漏的风险8。

该协议通过转感方法介绍了宫内施用荧光素的使用。还介绍了双边先天性耳畸形(右耳:耳蜗、左耳:不完整的分区I型)的临床案例,其中轻微创伤导致中耳左耳脚板穿孔。类似的个案只报一次。

Protocol

当地道德委员会根据《赫尔辛基宣言》(第11号)批准了这项议定书。A2019-0214)。获得所有参与者的知情同意。在涉及儿童的案件中,父母双方获得了书面知情同意。 注:荧光素是一种荧光染料,在蓝光(波长=485 nm)刺激时发出绿光(520-530 nm)。它用于眼科泪膜的可视化。其内药使用是标签外和基于个别治疗协议。荧光辛-钠浓度为10%,并定期用于眼科眼科的荧光蛋白血管?…

Representative Results

在本案中,轻微的创伤导致一名10个月大的儿童鼻子泄漏。磁共振成像 (MRI) 揭示了一个双边时间骨畸形与右耳蜗的合并和左耳蜗和前庭扩张与不存在的夹层隔膜相同,一个不完整的分区类型。因此,进行了脑干引起的听力测量(图1),并确认了双边耳聋。 由于高分辨率计算机断层扫描(HRCT)没有揭?…

Discussion

虽然许多关于CSF泄漏的报告集中在颅底手术的鼻腔内窥镜方法上,但缺乏一种通过显微镜5、6、7来可视化时空骨质泄漏的标准化方法。该协议描述了现有文献评论的改编,用于显微耳外科。

荧光辛的应用被描述为颅底手术中的一种安全方法,并采用内窥镜技术。副作用假设取决于剂量11。</sup…

Disclosures

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

没有收到任何资金。

Materials

Fluorescein ALCON 10% injection solution NOVARTIS 1467007
External lumbar drain catheter Silverline Spiegelberg ELD33.010.02
Otologic instruments (round knifes, hooks, curette, sickle knife, microscissors and microforceps) Spiggle und Theis No further specification; instruments can vary between the clinics and their use depends on the surgeon's preferation
Surgical microscope ARRISCOPE 1.0 ARRI Medicals NA
Consumables No further specification; material of the standard equipment of the operating clinic can be used
Water to rinse
Antifog solution
Cotton pads
Cottonoid pledges
Gown
Gloves
Mask
Suction tubes
Blade

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Cite This Article
Weiss, N. M., Andus, I., Schneider, A., Langner, S., Schröder, S., Schraven, S. P., Mlynski, R. Intrathecal Application of a Fluorescent Dye for the Identification of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks in Cochlear Malformation. J. Vis. Exp. (156), e60795, doi:10.3791/60795 (2020).

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