Skip to content
Articles by Gwendolyn Kartje in JoVE
-
Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability
Christina Wayman*1,2, Denise A. Duricki*1,2, Lisa A. Roy3, Barbara Haenzi1, Shi-Yen Tsai4, Gwendolyn Kartje4,5,6, John S. Beech7, Diana Cash2, Lawrence Moon1
1Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, University of London, 2Department of Neuroimaging, James Black Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, University of London, 3Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, Wellcome Surgical Institute, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, 4Research Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, 5Neurology Service, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, 6Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Neuroscience Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, 7Department of Oncology, The Gray Institute for Radiation, Oncology and Biology, University of Oxford
Here we present a protocol to produce permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion in elderly female rats with simultaneous occlusion of the carotid arteries to generate large cortical infarcts and sustained deficits. We show confirmation of the lesion size using structural MRI at 24 hr and 8 weeks after stroke.
Other articles by Gwendolyn Kartje on PubMed
-
-
Functional Reorganization of the Motor Cortex in Adult Rats After Cortical Lesion and Treatment with Monoclonal Antibody IN-1
The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience.
Jun, 2003 |
Pubmed ID: 12832504 We previously reported anatomical plasticity in the adult motor cortex after a unilateral sensorimotor cortex (SMC) lesion and treatment with monoclonal antibody (mAb) IN-1, which permits neurite outgrowth from the intact, opposite cortex into deafferented subcortical targets. This study was designed to investigate whether treatment with the mAb IN-1 after SMC lesion in the adult leads to functional reorganization of the intact, opposite motor cortex. Adult rats underwent unilateral SMC aspiration lesion and treatment with either mAb IN-1 or control antibody, or no treatment. After a 6 week survival period, the intact, opposite forelimb motor cortex was explored using intracortical microstimulation to evoke forelimb movements. A dramatic increase in ipsilateral movements of the lesion-impaired forelimb was found in animals treated with mAb IN-1 compared with control animals. These results resembled our previous findings of cortical reorganization in the spared hemisphere after neonatal cortical lesion and without any additional treatment. These results show that, after adult cortical lesion, treatment with mAb IN-1 induces a functional reorganization of the intact, opposite motor cortex.
-
-
Delayed Treatment with Monoclonal Antibody IN-1 1 Week After Stroke Results in Recovery of Function and Corticorubral Plasticity in Adult Rats
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.
Oct, 2005 |
Pubmed ID: 15889044 Neuronal death due to ischemic stroke results in permanent deficits in sensory, language, and motor functions. The growth-restrictive environment of the adult central nervous system (CNS) is an obstacle to functional recovery after stroke and other CNS injuries. In this regard, Nogo-A is a potent neurite growth-inhibitory protein known to restrict neuronal plasticity in adults. Previously, we have found that treatment with monoclonal antibody (mAb) IN-1 to neutralize Nogo-A immediately after stroke enhanced motor cortico-efferent plasticity and recovery of skilled forelimb function in rats. However, immediate treatment for stroke is often not clinically feasible. Thus, the present study was undertaken to determine whether cortico-efferent plasticity and functional recovery would occur if treatment with mAb IN-1 was delayed 1 week after stroke. Adult rats were trained on a forelimb-reaching task, and the middle cerebral artery was occluded to induce focal cerebral ischemia to the forelimb sensorimotor cortex. After 1 week, animals received mAb IN-1 treatment, control antibody, or no treatment, and were tested for 9 more weeks. To assess cortico-efferent plasticity, the sensorimotor cortex opposite the stroke lesion was injected with an anterograde neuroanatomical tracer. Behavioral analysis demonstrated a recovery of skilled forelimb function, and anatomical studies revealed neuroplasticity at the level of the red nucleus in animals treated with mAb IN-1, thus demonstrating the efficacy of this treatment even if administered 1 week after stroke.
-
Experimental Diabetes Attenuates Cerebral Cortical-evoked Forelimb Motor Responses
Diabetes.
Sep, 2005 |
Pubmed ID: 16123367 Poorly controlled diabetes leads to debilitating peripheral complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Chronic diabetes also impairs the central nervous system (CNS), leading to measurable deficits in cognition, somatosensory, and motor function. The cause of diabetes-associated CNS impairment is unknown. In this study, sustained hyperglycemia resulting from insulin deficiency was shown to contribute to CNS motor dysfunction. Experimental diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. CNS motor function was assessed by intracortical microstimulation of the sensorimotor cortex. Experimental diabetes significantly (P < 0.01; n = 14) attenuated the number of motor cortical sites eliciting forelimb movements. The net area of the motor cortex representing the forelimb in diabetic rats was significantly reduced (4.0 +/- 0.5 [control] vs. 2.4 +/- 0.4 [STZ] mm(2); P < 0.05). Experimental diabetes attenuated the activation of some, but not all, forelimb motor cortical neurons. Insulin treatment of diabetic rats prevented the attenuation of cortical-evoked forelimb responses. Peripheral nerve-evoked responses were unaffected by this short period of diabetes, suggesting the absence of peripheral nerve dysfunction. This study showed that metabolic imbalance resulting from insulin deficiency elicits a marked attenuation of cortical-evoked motor function. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia, deficiencies of central insulin, or both may contribute to corticospinal motor dysfunction.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Get cutting-edge science videos from JoVE sent straight to your inbox every month.