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تقنية لشاشة الزان الأمريكية لمقاومة الحشرات والزان مقياس ( Published: May 27, 2014 doi: 10.3791/51515

Materials

Name Company Catalog Number Comments
Nylon Mesh Sheet, 250 micron Small Parts CMN-0250-D Mesh opening size: 250 microns square, % of open area: 34, thread diameter: 180 micron, width: 24”, Length: 12”, Package quantity: 1
Tyvek Home Wrap DuPont D1349991 9 ft x 150 ft roll, can ask for it to be cut in half.
Polyethylene foam, ½” thick  Columbus Foam Products 2 ft x 50 ft roll
MetroMix 510 Sun Gro Horticulture 2.8 cu. ft. bark, peat moss, vermiculite, bark ash, starter nutrient charge (with Gypsum), slow release nitrogen and dolomitic limestone.
Osmocote Plus 15-9-12 Everris E903206 Standard 3-4 month release
Sight Savers 10X Bausch & Lomb 813434 10X magnification illuminated coddington
Nikon Mini Field Stereoscope Nikon 7314 20X magnification
Silicone II clear GE 159538 2.9 oz clear window & door caulk

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References

  1. Houston, D. R. A technique to artificially infest beech bark with the scale, Cryptococcus fagisuga (Lindinger). U.S. Forest Service. , Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Broomhall, PA. (1982).
  2. Houston, D. R. American beech resistance to Cryptococcus fagisuga. Proceeding, IUFRO beech bark disease working party conference. , U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Washington, D.C. 38-42 (1983).
  3. Ehrlich, J. The beech bark disease: a nectria disease of Fagus, following Cryptococcus fagi. 10, 593-692 (1934).
  4. Papaik, M. J., Canham, C. D., Latty, E. F., Woods, K. D. Effects of an introduced pathogen on resistance to natural disturbance: beech bark disease and withdrow. 35, 1832-1843 (2005).
  5. Miller-Weeks, M. Current status of beech bark disease in New England and New York. Proceeding, IUFRO beech bark disease working party conference. , U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Washington, D.C. 21-23 (1983).
  6. Houston, D. R. Beech bark disease: The aftermath forests are structured for a new outbreak. J. For. 73, 660-663 (1975).
  7. Twery, M. J., Patterson, W. A. Variations in beech bark disease and its effects on species composition and structure of northern hardwood stands in central New. 14, 565-574 (1984).
  8. Jakubus, W. J., McLaughlin, C. R., Jensen, P. G., McNulty, S. A., et al. Alternate year beechnut production and its influence on bear and marten populations. Beech Bark Disease: Proceedings of the Beech Bark Disease Symposium. Evans, C. A., et al. , U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Newtown Square, PA. 79-87 (2005).
  9. Koch, J. L., Carey, D. W., Mason, M. E., Nelson, C. D. Assessment of beech scale resistance in full- and half-sib families. Can. J. For. Res. 40, 265-272 (2010).
  10. Koch, J. L. Beech bark disease: The oldest “new” threat to American beech in the United States. Outlooks Pest Manag. 21, 64-68 (2010).
  11. Koch, J. L., Mason, M. E., Carey, D. W., et al. Screening for resistance to beech bark disease: improvements and results from seedlings and grafted field selections. Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Genetics of Host-Parasite Interactions in Forestry. Palmieri, K., et al. , U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. Albany, CA. (2012).
  12. Leak, W. B. Fifty year impacts of the beech bark disease in the Bartlett Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Northern J. Appl. For. 23, 141-143 (2006).
  13. Koch, J. L., Carey, D. W., et al. Controlled cross-pollinations with American beech trees that are resistant to beech bark disease. Proceedings of the 14th Central Hardwood Forest Conference. Yaussy, D. A., et al. , U.S. Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station. 358-364 (2004).
  14. Carey, D. W., Mason, M. E., Bloese, P., Koch, J. L. Hot callusing for propagation of American beech by grafting. HortSci. 48, 620-624 (2013).
  15. Koch, J. L., Carey, W. W., et al. The genetics of resistance of American beech to beech bark disease: knowledge through 2004. Beech Bark Disease: Proceedings of the Beech Bark Disease Symposium. Evans, C. A., et al. , U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Newtown Square, PA. 98-105 (2005).
تقنية لشاشة الزان الأمريكية لمقاومة الحشرات والزان مقياس (<em&gt; المستخفية fagisuga</em&gt; ليند.)
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Cite this Article

Koch, J. L., Carey, D. W. AMore

Koch, J. L., Carey, D. W. A Technique to Screen American Beech for Resistance to the Beech Scale Insect (Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind.). J. Vis. Exp. (87), e51515, doi:10.3791/51515 (2014).

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