히트의 예방에 의한 흰쥐의 반작용을 스트레스<em> 고초균</em> 스트레인
Summary
We described a protocol for prevention of heat stress effects in rats by oral pre-treatment with beneficial bacteria. This protocol can be modified and used for various routes of administration and for analysis of different compounds.
Abstract
본 연구는 열 응력과 관련된 합병증에 대한 바실러스 서브 틸리 스 (Bacillus subtilis) 균주의 보호 효과를 평가하기 위해 디자인되었다. 서른 두 흰쥐이 연구에 사용되었다. 동물을 경구 B. 두 일 동안 하루에 두 번 처리 하였다 서브 틸리 BSB3 변형 또는 PBS. 다음날 마지막 처리 후, 각 그룹을 분할하고, 두 개의 실험 그룹 (하나는 PBS로 처리 한 B. subtilis에 처리) 25 분 동안 45 ℃로 넣었다. 두 대조군은 실온에서 25 분 동안 머물렀다. 모든 쥐를 안락사시키고, 다른 매개 변수는 모든 그룹에서 분석 하였다. 열 스트레스의 악영향 융모 높이 및 장 상피 점막 전체 두께의 감소에 의해 등록된다; 루멘에서 박테리아의 전위; 혈액 (LPS) 수준 리포 폴리 사카 라이드의 적혈구의 수포 및 고도 증가했다. 치료의 보호 효능은 사전 평가되고이러한 부작용의 vention. 이 프로토콜은 열 스트레스 합병증의 예방을위한 박테리아와 쥐의 구강 치료를 위해 설립되었다, 그러나이 프로토콜은 수정 및 관리의 다른 경로에 대해 서로 다른 화합물의 분석에 사용할 수 있습니다.
Introduction
Different stressors affect human and animal health. Temperature is one of the most stressful factors, causing chronic, acute and even lethal illnesses1. Changes in intestinal morphology and a loss of gut barrier integrity after heat stress were documented in many cases2,3. This protective barrier is responsible for defense against translocation of gut bacteria and their toxins, in particular lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from the lumen to the internal circulation4,5. Stability of the gut microbiota significantly influences intestinal barrier function, the immune response of the host, and tolerance to stress conditions6. Thus, modulation of the intestinal microbiota can provide a novel approach for prevention of stress-related adverse effects.
Beneficial bacteria have been used as a promising strategy to modify the gut microbiota for successful management of various clinical conditions, such as diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, metabolic disorders7-10. Probiotic effects of beneficial bacteria include production of essential metabolites to support intestinal health, stimulation of the immune system, promotion of lactose tolerance, restoration of epithelial dysfunction. Probiotics were effective in prevention of the stress-related complications in vitro and in animal models11,12.
Researchers have given more attention to Bacillus bacteria as probiotics because these bacteria support intestinal homeostasis13 and have beneficial effects on the host14. Our previous data demonstrated high efficacy of Bacillus probiotics against pathogens in vitro15,16 and in clinical trials17,18. Here, we aim to evaluate the preventive effect of B. subtilis BSB3 strain against complications after heat stress.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
심각한 건강 상태 (29)에서, 고온에 노출 된 결과. 예방 및 열 스트레스와 관련된 합병증의 조기 발견은 매우 중요 (30)이다. 제시된 프로토콜은 열 스트레스 부작용 방지를위한 다양한 방식의 효능을 평가하는 데 사용될 수있다.
이 프로토콜 내에서 중요한 단계는 다음과 같습니다 열처리 과정 (45 O C, 25 분); 수집 및 독소 오염을 방지하는…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Auburn University fund FOP 101002-139294-2050.
Materials
| Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) | Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO | P4417 | |
| Ethyl Alcohol | Pharmco products Inc. Brookfield, CT, USA | 64-17-5 | |
| Agar | VWR | 97064-334 | |
| MacConkey agar plates | VWR | 470180-742 | |
| 5% blood agar plates | VWR | 89405-024 | |
| Brucella blood with Hemin, and Vitamin K, plates |
VWR | 89405-032 | |
| Bouin’s Fixative | Electron Microscopy Sciences, Hatfield, PA, USA | 15990 | |
| IL-10 Rat ELISA kit | Invitrogen, Camarillo, CA, USA | KRC0101 | |
| IL-1beta Rat ELISA Kit | Invitrogen, Camarillo, CA, USA | KRC0011 | |
| IL-6 Rat ELISA Kit | Invitrogen, Camarillo, CA, USA | KRC0061 | |
| INF-gamma Rat ELISA Kit | Invitrogen, Camarillo, CA, USA | KRC4021 | |
| TNF-alpha Rat ELISA Kit | Invitrogen, Camarillo, CA, USA | KRC3011 | |
| Rat LPS ELISA Kit | NeoBioLab, MA, USA | RL0275 | |
| Environmental Chamber 6020-1 | Caron, Marietta, OH, USA | 6020-1 | |
| Centrifuge | Beckman Coulter, Indianapolis, IN, USA | Optima L-90K | |
| Ultra Centrifuge | |||
| Light microscope optical system | CitoViva Technology Inc., Auburn, AL | ||
| Colony counter | Fisher Scientific , Pittsburgh, PA, USA | RE-3325 | |
| Freezer | Haier, Brooklyn, NY, USA | HCMO50LA | |
| Ultra microplate reader | Bio-Tek Instrument, Winooski, VT, USA | ELx 808 | |
| Auto Strip Washer | Bio-Tek Instrument, Winooski, VT, USA | ELx50 | |
| Pipettes | Gilson, Pipetman, France | P100, P200, P1000 | |
| C24 Incubator Shaker | New Brunswick Scientific, Enfield, CT, USA | Classic C24 | |
| Rocking Shaker | Reliable Scientific, Inc., Nesbit, MS, USA | 55 | |
| Petri dishes | Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA, USA | 875713 | 100mmX15mm |
| SterilGard III Advance | The Baker Company, Sanford, ME, USA | SG403 | |
| Culture Growing Flasks | Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, USA | 4995 | PYREX 250mL Erlenmeyer flasks |
| Optical Spectrometer Genesys 20 | Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA. | 4001 | |
| Sony DXC-33 Video camera | Sony | ||
| Richardson test slide | Electron Microscopy Science, Hatfield, PA, USA | 80303 | |
| Millipore water purification system | Millipore | Direct-Q | |
| Image-Pro Plus software | Media Cybernetics, MD, USA | ||
| Triple Beam Balance | OHAUS Corporation, Parsippany, NJ, USA | ||
| Tissue Homogenizer, Dounce | VWR | 71000-518 | |
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