Behavior
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测量衰老对句子处理影响的实验范式
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Summary
Please note that all translations are automatically generated.
Click here for the English version.
在这里，我们提出一个协议，使用迷宫任务来检查句子处理中与年龄相关的下降，它允许我们在阅读过程中本地化句子中每个单词的处理难度。
Transcript
该协议为研究不同年龄组在线句子处理的实验效果提供了有效手段，并克服了自定进度阅读任务中广告跟踪的问题。利用这种技术，我们可以准确测量句子中每个片段的阅读时间，从而准确定位句子理解的处理难度。演示这个程序的将是我系的学生刘冲。
在开始程序之前，指示学员坐在实验室的计算机工作站，并要求学员阅读并签署同意书。在向学员提供口头指示以确保他们清楚完成任务的要求后，请要求学员在计算机屏幕上的两个单词或短语之间进行选择，以形成句子的语法延续。通知学员，他们的响应将定时，以便他们尽可能快速、准确地做出响应。
接下来，在计算机屏幕上向学员显示此消息，以便他们仔细查看，并回答学员可能提出的有关说明的任何问题。让学员完成少量练习问题，以确保他们了解如何在计算机屏幕上显示消息不正确时执行任务，作为任何错误答案的反馈。完成所有练习问题后，请要求学员按键盘上的 P 按钮重复练习单元，或在准备好开始实验会话时按空格键开始练习。
在任务期间，项目应在计算机屏幕上以白色背景的黑色字母显示。让参与者阅读项目，并且对于每个句段，使用 F 按钮选择左侧的单词，或者使用 J 按钮选择右侧的单词。如果参与者选择正确答案，请出示下一对单词。
选择错误答案时，终止句子并出现下一个句子。要通过 Wechsler 内存量表测试参与者的工作记忆，请让学员收听以每秒一位数字的速率以听觉方式显示的短序列数字。然后让参与者使用数字录制设备按相同顺序重复数字序列，以记录参与者的响应并在记录表单上记录参与者的响应。
在实验结束时，请参与者填写有关其背景信息的调查问卷，包括其年龄、性别和教育年数，然后补偿参与者的参与。在这里，显示了每个区域中一个代表性实验的按年龄组和单词显示的均读时间。在这个数字中，为同一实验总结了句子中每个区域老年人和年轻人的平均阅读时间。
要记住的最重要的事情是为句子中每个部分提供两个备选件，让参与者在两个选项之间进行选择。该技术还可用于研究神经系统疾病（如阿尔茨海默氏症或帕金森氏症）患者的语言理解缺陷。
Tags
行为， 问题 152， 句子处理， 老化， 迷宫任务， 心理语言学， 老年人， 普通话Related Videos
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