Table of Contents: Issue 71, January 2013

2012: A Year In Review

JoVE 5049

Wendy Chao¹, Aaron Kolski-Andreaco²

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, ²JoVE Content Production

Date Published: January 3, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/5049  |  Section: JoVE Editorial

Keywords: This Month in JoVE

Assessment of Mitochondrial Functions and Cell Viability in Renal Cells Overexpressing Protein Kinase C Isozymes

JoVE 4301

Grażyna Nowak, Diana Bakajsova

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Date Published: January 7, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4301  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Cellular Biology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Genetics, Pharmacology, Physiology, Medicine, Protein, Mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondria, protein kinase C, renal proximal tubular cells, reactive oxygen species, oxygen consumption, electron transport chain, respiratory complexes, ATP, adenovirus, primary culture, ischemia, cells, flow cytometry

Measurement of Lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster

JoVE 50068

Nancy J. Linford¹, Ceyda Bilgir¹, Jennifer Ro², Scott D. Pletcher¹

¹Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, ²Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan

Date Published: January 7, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50068  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Developmental Biology, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Anatomy, Physiology, Entomology, longevity, lifespan, aging, Drosophila melanogaster, fruit fly, Drosophila, mortality, animal model

The Logic, Experimental Steps, and Potential of Heterologous Natural Product Biosynthesis Featuring the Complex Antibiotic Erythromycin A Produced Through E. coli

JoVE 4346

Ming Jiang¹, Haoran Zhang², Blaine A. Pfeifer¹

¹Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, State University of New York at Buffalo, ²Chemical Engineering Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Date Published: January 13, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4346  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Biomedical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Bioengineering, Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, Microbiology, Basic Protocols, Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Heterologous biosynthesis, natural products, antibiotics, erythromycin A, metabolic engineering, E. coli

Metabolic Profile Analysis of Zebrafish Embryos

JoVE 4300

Yann Gibert, Sean L. McGee, Alister C. Ward

Metabolic Research Unit & Molecular & Medical Research SRC, Geelong, Australia, School of Medicine, Deakin University

Date Published: January 14, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4300  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Developmental Biology, Genetics, Biochemistry, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Physiology, Embryology, Metabolism, Metabolomics, metabolic profile, respiration, mitochondria, ATP, development, Oil Red O staining, zebrafish, Danio rerio, animal model

Isolation of Normal and Cancer-associated Fibroblasts from Fresh Tissues by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS)

JoVE 4425

Yoray Sharon, Lina Alon, Sarah Glanz, Charlotte Servais, Neta Erez

Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University

Date Published: January 14, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4425  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Cancer Biology, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Medicine, Oncology, Pathology, Bioengineering, Biomedical Engineering, Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts, fibroblast, FACS sorting, PDGFRalpha, Breast cancer, Skin carcinoma, stroma, tumor, cancer, tissue, cell, culture, human, mouse, animal model

An Explant Assay for Assessing Cellular Behavior of the Cranial Mesenchyme

JoVE 4245

Anjali A. Sarkar, Irene E. Zohn

Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center

Date Published: January 20, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4245  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Neurobiology, Cellular Biology, Neuroscience, Medicine, Molecular Biology, Pharmacology, exencephaly, cranial mesenchyme, migration, neural tube closure, cell rearrangement, extracellular matrix, pharmacological treatment

LeafJ: An ImageJ Plugin for Semi-automated Leaf Shape Measurement

JoVE 50028

Julin N. Maloof*, Kazunari Nozue*, Maxwell R. Mumbach, Christine M. Palmer

Department of Plant Biology, University of California Davis

Date Published: January 21, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50028  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Plant Biology, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Physiology, Computer Science, Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis thaliana, leaf shape, shade avoidance, ImageJ, LeafJ, petiole, touch-screen tablet, phenotyping, phenomics

Super-resolution Imaging of the Bacterial Division Machinery

JoVE 50048

Jackson Buss, Carla Coltharp, Jie Xiao

Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Date Published: January 21, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50048  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Biophysics, Cellular Biology, Microbiology, Molecular Biology, Structural Biology, Chemistry, Physics, super-resolution imaging, PALM, FtsZ, mEos2, cell division, cytokinesis, divisome

Blastomere Explants to Test for Cell Fate Commitment During Embryonic Development

JoVE 4458

Paaqua A. Grant¹, Mona B. Herold¹, Sally A. Moody²

¹Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, ²Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University

Date Published: January 26, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4458  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Developmental Biology, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry, Xenopus laevis, fate mapping, lineage tracing, cell-cell signaling, cell fate, blastomere, embryo, in situ hybridization, animal model

High-throughput Screening for Small-molecule Modulators of Inward Rectifier Potassium Channels

JoVE 4209

Rene Raphemot^1,2, C. David Weaver^1,3, Jerod S. Denton^1,2

¹Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, ²Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, ³Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Date Published: January 27, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4209  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Chemistry, Cellular Biology, Chemical Biology, Pharmacology, Molecular Pharmacology, Potassium channels, drug discovery, drug screening, high throughput, small molecules, fluorescence, thallium flux, checkerboard analysis, DMSO, cell lines, screen, assay, assay development

Genetic Modification and Recombination of Salivary Gland Organ Cultures

JoVE 50060

Sharon J. Sequeira*, Elise M. Gervais*, Shayoni Ray, Melinda Larsen

Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, SUNY

Date Published: January 28, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50060  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Genetics, Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, Developmental Biology, Virology, Medicine, Adenovirus, Embryonic, Epithelial rudiments, Extracellular matrix, Mesenchyme, Organ culture, Submandibular gland, ex vivo, cell culture, tissue engineering, embryo, mouse, animal model

Real-time Analyses of Retinol Transport by the Membrane Receptor of Plasma Retinol Binding Protein

JoVE 50169

Riki Kawaguchi, Ming Zhong, Hui Sun

Department of Physiology, Jules Stein Eye Institute and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles

Date Published: January 28, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50169  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Genetics, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Anatomy, Physiology, Ophthalmology, Proteomics, Proteins, Membrane Transport Proteins, Vitamin A, retinoid, RBP complex, membrane transport, membrane receptor, STRA6, retinol binding protein

Laser-inflicted Injury of Zebrafish Embryonic Skeletal Muscle

JoVE 4351

Cécile Otten, Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried

Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine

Date Published: January 30, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4351  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Developmental Biology, Anatomy, Physiology, Medicine, Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, Biomedical Engineering, Genetics, Zebrafish, skeletal muscle, cell ablation, injury, regeneration, damage, laser pulses, tissue, embryos, Danio rerio, animal model

Whole Mount RNA Fluorescent in situ Hybridization of Drosophila Embryos

JoVE 50057

Félix Legendre*^1,2, Neal Cody*¹, Carole Iampietro¹, Julie Bergalet¹, Fabio Alexis Lefebvre^1,2, Gaël Moquin-Beaudry^1,2, Olivia Zhang¹, Xiaofeng Wang¹, Eric Lécuyer^1,2

¹Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), ²Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal

Date Published: January 30, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50057  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Developmental Biology, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Genetics, Genomics, Drosophila, Embryo, Fluorescent in situ hybridization, FISH, Gene Expression Pattern, RNA Localization, RNA, Tyramide Signal Amplification, TSA, knockout, fruit fly, whole mount, embryogenesis, animal model

Isometric and Eccentric Force Generation Assessment of Skeletal Muscles Isolated from Murine Models of Muscular Dystrophies

JoVE 50036

Catherine Moorwood¹, Min Liu², Zuozhen Tian², Elisabeth R. Barton³

¹Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, ²Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, ³Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania

Date Published: January 31, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50036  |  Section: JoVE General

Keywords: Anatomy, Physiology, Cellular Biology, Biophysics, Medicine, Biomedical Engineering, Surgery, Muscles, Muscular Diseases, Animal Experimentation, Chemicals and Drugs, muscular dystrophy, muscle function, muscle damage, muscular dystrophies, mouse, animal model

Intravascular Perfusion of Carbon Black Ink Allows Reliable Visualization of Cerebral Vessels

JoVE 4374

Mohammad R. Hasan, Josephine Herz, Dirk M. Hermann, Thorsten R. Doeppner

Department of Neurology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School

Date Published: January 4, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4374  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Neurobiology, Medicine, Anatomy, Physiology, Cellular Biology, Immunology, Neurology, Cerebral vascular anatomy, colored latex, carbon black, ink, stroke, vascular territories, brain, vessels, imaging, animal model

The Dig Task: A Simple Scent Discrimination Reveals Deficits Following Frontal Brain Damage

JoVE 50033

Kris M. Martens, Cole Vonder Haar, Blake A. Hutsell, Michael R. Hoane

Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale

Date Published: January 4, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50033  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Medicine, Neurobiology, Anatomy, Physiology, Psychology, Behavior, cognitive assessment, dig task, scent discrimination, olfactory, brain injury, traumatic brain injury, TBI, brain damage, rats, animal model

In Vivo Two-photon Imaging Of Experience-dependent Molecular Changes In Cortical Neurons

JoVE 50148

Vania Y. Cao^1,2, Yizhou Ye¹, Surjeet S. Mastwal¹, David M. Lovinger³, Rui M. Costa⁴, Kuan H. Wang¹

¹Unit on Neural Circuits and Adaptive Behaviors, Genes Cognition and Psychosis Program, National Institute of Mental Health, ²Department of Neuroscience, Brown University - National Institutes of Health Graduate Partnership Program, ³Section on Synaptic Pharmacology, Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, ⁴Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown

Date Published: January 5, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50148  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Medicine, Anatomy, Neurobiology, Surgery, Cerebral Cortex, Frontal Cortex, Stereotaxic Techniques, Molecular Imaging, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurosciences, In Vivo Imaging, Two-photon Microscopy, Experience-dependent Gene Expression, Arc-GFP Mice, Cranial Window, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, animal model

Sequential Photo-bleaching to Delineate Single Schwann Cells at the Neuromuscular Junction

JoVE 4460

Monika S. Brill¹, Petar Marinković¹, Thomas Misgeld^1,2,3,4

¹Lehrstuhl für Biomolekulare Sensoren, Technische Universität München, ²Center for Integrated Protein Science (Munich) at the Institute of Neuroscience, Technische Universität München, ³TUM Institute for Advanced Study and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Technische Universität München, ⁴Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Technische Universität München

Date Published: January 11, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4460  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Neurobiology, Immunology, Medicine, Anatomy, Physiology, Surgery, Triangularis sterni, explant, Schwann cells, imaging, neuromuscular junction, immunohistochemistry, bleaching, muscle, nerve, mouse, animal model

Hippocampal Insulin Microinjection and In vivo Microdialysis During Spatial Memory Testing

JoVE 4451

Ewan C. McNay, Leslie A. Sandusky, Jiah Pearson-Leary

Behavioral Neuroscience, University at Albany

Date Published: January 11, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4451  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Medicine, Neurobiology, Anatomy, Physiology, Psychology, rodents, microdialysis, microinjection, brain, surgery, anesthesia, memory, behavior, insulin, animal model

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

JoVE 4288

Brett T. Himmler, Vivien C. Pellis, Sergio M. Pellis

Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge

Date Published: January 18, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4288  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Neurobiology, Behavior, Psychology, Anatomy, Physiology, Medicine, Play behavior, play, fighting, wrestling, grooming, allogrooming, social interaction, rat, behavioral analysis, animal model

Manufacturing and Using Piggy-back Multibarrel Electrodes for In vivo Pharmacological Manipulations of Neural Responses

JoVE 4358

Anna Dondzillo, Jennifer L. Thornton, Daniel J. Tollin, Achim Klug

Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Colorado Medical Campus

Date Published: January 18, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4358  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Biophysics, Physiology, Neurobiology, Medicine, Pharmacology, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Piggyback electrode, iontophoresis, iontophoresis pump, single cell recording, neural excitation, neural inhibition, in vivo electrophysiology

Isolation and Culture of Mouse Cortical Astrocytes

JoVE 50079

Sebastian Schildge¹, Christian Bohrer¹, Kristina Beck², Christian Schachtrup¹

¹Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, ²Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), University Medical Centre Freiburg, University of Freiburg

Date Published: January 19, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50079  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Neurobiology, Cellular Biology, Medicine, Molecular Biology, Anatomy, Physiology, brain, mouse, astrocyte culture, astrocyte, fibroblast, fibrinogen, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, neuronal regeneration, cell culture, animal model

Forebrain Electrophysiological Recording in Larval Zebrafish

JoVE 50104

Scott C. Baraban

Epilepsy Research Laboratory, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco

Date Published: January 24, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50104  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Developmental Biology, Neuroscience, Anatomy, Physiology, Neurobiology, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Surgery, Seizure, development, telencephalon, electrographic, extracellular, field recording, in vivo, electrophysiology, neuron, activity, microsurgery, micropipette, epilepsy, Danio rerio, zebrafish, zebrafish larvae

Recording and Analysis of Circadian Rhythms in Running-wheel Activity in Rodents

JoVE 50186

Michael Verwey¹, Barry Robinson², Shimon Amir²

¹Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, ²Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University

Date Published: January 24, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50186  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Medicine, Neurobiology, Physiology, Anatomy, Psychology, Psychiatry, Behavior, Suprachiasmatic nucleus, locomotor activity, mouse, rat, hamster, light-dark cycle, free-running activity, entrainment, circadian period, circadian rhythm, phase shift, animal model

Multi-unit Recording Methods to Characterize Neural Activity in the Locust (Schistocerca Americana) Olfactory Circuits

JoVE 50139

Debajit Saha, Kevin Leong, Nalin Katta, Baranidharan Raman

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis

Date Published: January 25, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50139  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, Bioengineering, Physiology, Anatomy, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Entomology, Olfactory Receptor Neurons, Sensory Receptor Cells, Electrophysiology, Olfactory system, extracellular multi-unit recordings, first-order olfactory receptor neurons, second-order projection neurons, third-order Kenyon cells, neurons, sensilla, antenna, locust, Schistocerca Americana, animal model

Optogenetic Stimulation of Escape Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster

JoVE 50192

Saskia E.J. de Vries, Tom Clandinin

Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University

Date Published: January 25, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50192  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neurobiology, Neuroscience, Genetics, Anatomy, Physiology, Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, Behavior, optogenetics, channelrhodopsin, ChR2, escape behavior, neurons, fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, animal model

Optogenetic Activation of Zebrafish Somatosensory Neurons using ChEF-tdTomato

JoVE 50184

Ana Marie S. Palanca, Alvaro Sagasti

Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles

Date Published: January 31, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50184  |  Section: JoVE Neuroscience

Keywords: Neuroscience, Developmental Biology, Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Anatomy, Physiology, Zebrafish, Behavior, Animal, Touch, optogenetics, channelrhodopsin, ChEF, sensory neuron, Rohon-Beard, Danio rerio, somatosensory, neurons, microinjection, confocal microscopy, high speed video, animal model

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols

JoVE 50075

Rafi Chapanian^1,2, Iren Constantinescu^1,3, Donald E. Brooks^1,2,4, Mark D. Scott^1,2,3, Jayachandran Kizhakkedathu^1,2,4

¹Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, ²Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, ³Canadian Blood Services, University of British Columbia, ⁴Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia

Date Published: January 2, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50075  |  Section: JoVE Immunology and Infection

Keywords: Immunology, Bioengineering, Pathology, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Hematology, polymers, Blood transfusion, surface antigens, antigen camouflage, RBC modification, hyperbranched polyglycerol, HPG, red blood cells, RBC, whole blood, flow cytometry

Isolation and Analysis of Brain-sequestered Leukocytes from Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected Mice

JoVE 50112

Victoria Ryg-Cornejo, Lisa J. Ioannidis, Diana S. Hansen

The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research

Date Published: January 2, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50112  |  Section: JoVE Immunology and Infection

Keywords: Immunology, Infection, Infectious Diseases, Pathology, Hematology, Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, Mouse, Brain, Intravascular inflammation, leukocytes, Plasmodium berghei, parasite, malaria, animal model, flow cytometry

A Simple Chelex Protocol for DNA Extraction from Anopheles spp.

JoVE 3281

Mulenga Musapa¹, Taida Kumwenda¹, Mtawa Mkulama¹, Sandra Chishimba¹, Douglas E. Norris², Philip E. Thuma¹, Sungano Mharakurwa¹

¹Malaria Institute at Macha, ²Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

Date Published: January 9, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/3281  |  Section: JoVE Immunology and Infection

Keywords: Infection, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Parasitology, Entomology, Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, vector, Anopheles, Diptera, mosquitoes, Chelex, DNA, extraction, PCR, dissection, insect, vector, pathogen

Live-cell Video Microscopy of Fungal Pathogen Phagocytosis

JoVE 50196

Leanne E. Lewis¹, Judith M. Bain¹, Blessing Okai¹, Neil A.R. Gow², Lars Peter Erwig^1,2

¹Division of Applied Medicine, University of Aberdeen, ²Aberdeen Fungal Group, University of Aberdeen

Date Published: January 9, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50196  |  Section: JoVE Immunology and Infection

Keywords: Infection, Immunology, Microbiology, Medicine, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Infectious Diseases, Mycoses, Candidiasis, Bacterial Infections and Mycoses, Immune System Diseases, Live-cell imaging, phagocytosis, Candida albicans, host-pathogen interaction, pathogen, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, pattern recognition receptors, macrophage, fungus

Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure Measurements in Combination with Harvest of Lung and Immune Tissue Samples in Mice

JoVE 50023

Wen-Chi Chen*¹, Sung-Hyun Park*¹, Carol Hoffman¹, Cecil Philip¹, Linda Robinson², James West², Gabriele Grunig^1,3

¹Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, ²Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, ³Division of Pulmonary Medicine, New York University School of Medicine

Date Published: January 16, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50023  |  Section: JoVE Immunology and Infection

Keywords: Immunology, Medicine, Anatomy, Physiology, Cardiology, Surgery, Cardiovascular Abnormalities, Inflammation, Respiration Disorders, Immune System Diseases, Cardiac physiology, mouse, pulmonary hypertension, right heart function, lung immune response, lung inflammation, lung remodeling, catheterization, mice, tissue, animal model

Measurement of Tactile Allodynia in a Murine Model of Bacterial Prostatitis

JoVE 50158

Marsha L Quick, Joseph D Done, Praveen Thumbikat

Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine

Date Published: January 16, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50158  |  Section: JoVE Immunology and Infection

Keywords: Infection, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, Medicine, Urology, Pathology, Autoimmune Diseases, Bacterial Infections and Mycoses, Male Urogenital Diseases, Bacterial pathogenesis, pain, autoimmunity, prostatitis, catheterization, mice, animal model

Immunohistochemical Staining of B7-H1 (PD-L1) on Paraffin-embedded Slides of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tissue

JoVE 4059

Elaine Bigelow^1,2, Katherine M. Bever^1,2, Haiying Xu^1,2,3, Allison Yager¹, Annie Wu^1,2,4, Janis Taube^3,5, Lieping Chen⁶, Elizabeth M. Jaffee^1,2,5,7,8, Robert A. Anders^1,2,5,8, Lei Zheng^1,2,4,5,7

¹The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ²Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ³Department of Dermatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ⁴Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ⁵The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ⁶Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, ⁷The Skip Viragh Center for Pancreatic Cancer, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, ⁸Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Date Published: January 3, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4059  |  Section: JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Keywords: Cancer Biology, Medicine, Immunology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, Chemistry, Oncology, immunohistochemistry, B7-H1 (PD-L1), pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, pancreas, tumor, T-cell immunity, cancer

Processing of Human Reduction Mammoplasty and Mastectomy Tissues for Cell Culture

JoVE 50011

Mark A. LaBarge, James C. Garbe, Martha R. Stampfer

Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Date Published: January 3, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50011  |  Section: JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Keywords: Cancer Biology, Medicine, Anatomy, Physiology, Cellular Biology, Tissue Culture, Tissue Engineering, Oncology, Human mammary epithelial cell culture, reduction mammoplasty, mastectomy, breast cancer, tumor, cancer, matrigel, cell culture

Improved Protocol For Laser Microdissection Of Human Pancreatic Islets From Surgical Specimens

JoVE 50231

Dorothée Sturm^1,2, Lorella Marselli³, Florian Ehehalt^1,2, Daniela Richter¹, Marius Distler², Stephan Kersting^1,2, Robert Grützmann², Krister Bokvist⁴, Philippe Froguel⁵, Robin Liechti⁶, Anne Jörns⁷, Paolo Meda⁸, Gustavo Bruno Baretton⁹, Hans-Detlev Saeger², Anke M. Schulte¹⁰, Piero Marchetti³, Michele Solimena¹

¹Molecular Diabetology, Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, ²Department of GI-, Thoracic- and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology Dresden, ³Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Unit University of Pisa, ⁴Labs DC0522, Lilly Corporate Center, ⁵Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London, ⁶Vital-IT, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ⁷Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, ⁸Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Geneva, ⁹Department of Pathology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology Dresden, ¹⁰R&D DIAB Division / Translational Medicine, Sanofi-Aventis

Date Published: January 6, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50231  |  Section: JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Keywords: Medicine, Physiology, Anatomy, Biochemistry, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Immunology, Surgery, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, laser microdissection, dissection, human beta cells, intrinsic autofluorescence, pancreas, partial resection, Diabetes type 2, transcriptomic studies, RNA analysis, islet

Probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy of the Urinary Tract: The Technique

JoVE 4409

Timothy C. Chang^1,2, Jen-Jane Liu^1,2, Joseph C. Liao^1,2

¹Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, ²Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System

Date Published: January 10, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4409  |  Section: JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Keywords: Medicine, Anatomy, Physiology, Cancer Biology, Surgery, Basic Protocols, Confocal laser endomicroscopy, microscopy, endoscopy, cystoscopy, human bladder, bladder cancer, urology, minimally invasive, cellular imaging

Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation (BreEStim) for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity

JoVE 50077

Sheng Li^1,2,3

¹Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, ²UTHealth Motor Recovery Laboratory, TIRR Memorial Hermann Hospital, ³The Institute of Rehabilitation and Research (TIRR), TIRR Memorial Hermann Hospital

Date Published: January 10, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50077  |  Section: JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Keywords: Medicine, Neuroscience, Neurobiology, Anatomy, Physiology, Behavior, electrical stimulation, BreEStim, electrode, voluntary breathing, respiration, inspiration, pain, neuropathic pain, pain management, spasticity, stroke, spinal cord injury, brain, central nervous system, CNS, clinical, electromyogram, neuromuscular electrical stimulation

Near Infrared Optical Projection Tomography for Assessments of β-cell Mass Distribution in Diabetes Research

JoVE 50238

Anna U. Eriksson*¹, Christoffer Svensson*¹, Andreas Hörnblad¹, Abbas Cheddad¹, Elena Kostromina¹, Maria Eriksson¹, Nils Norlin¹, Antonello Pileggi², James Sharpe³, Fredrik Georgsson⁴, Tomas Alanentalo¹, Ulf Ahlgren¹

¹Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, ²Cell Transplant Center, Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami,, ³EMBL-CRG Systems Biology Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies, ⁴Dept. of Computing Science, Umeå University

Date Published: January 12, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50238  |  Section: JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Keywords: Medicine, Biomedical Engineering, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Biophysics, Pancreas, Islets of Langerhans, Diabetes Mellitus, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Optical Projection Tomography, Beta-cell Mass, Near Infrared, Computational Processing

A Low Mortality Rat Model to Assess Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

JoVE 4157

Rahul V. Dudhani¹, Michele Kyle¹, Christina Dedeo², Margaret Riordan¹, Eric M. Deshaies^1,2

¹Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, ²Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University

Date Published: January 17, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4157  |  Section: JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Keywords: Medicine, Anatomy, Physiology, Neurobiology, Neuroscience, Immunology, Surgery, Aneurysm, cerebral, hemorrhage, model, mortality, rat, rodent, subarachnoid, vasospasm, animal model

Movement Retraining using Real-time Feedback of Performance

JoVE 50182

Michael Anthony Hunt

Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia

Date Published: January 17, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50182  |  Section: JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Keywords: Medicine, Biophysics, Anatomy, Physiology, Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Behavior, Psychology, Kinesiology, Physical Therapy, Musculoskeletal System, Biofeedback, biomechanics, gait, movement, walking, rehabilitation, clinical, training

The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays (RPPA) to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers

JoVE 50221

Fiach C. O'Mahony¹, Jyoti Nanda¹, Alexander Laird¹, Peter Mullen², Helen Caldwell³, Ian M. Overton⁴, Lel Eory⁴, Marie O'Donnell^1,5, Dana Faratian⁶, Thomas Powles⁷, David J. Harrison^1,2, Grant D. Stewart¹

¹Edinburgh Urological Cancer Group, University of Edinburgh, ²School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, ³Division of Pathology, University of Edinburgh, ⁴MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, ⁵Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, ⁶Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, ⁷St Bartholomew's Cancer Institute, Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Queen Mary University of London

Date Published: January 22, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50221  |  Section: JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Keywords: Cancer Biology, Bioengineering, Medicine, Biomedical Engineering, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Genetics, Pathology, Oncology, Proteins, Early Detection of Cancer, Translational Medical Research, RPPA, RCC, Heterogeneity, Proteomics, Tumor Grade, intertumoral, tumor, metastatic, carcinoma, renal cancer, clear cell renal cell cancer, cancer, assay

Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function

JoVE 50008

Cynthia Cheng¹, Constantine Daskalakis², Bonita Falkner³

¹Department of Family and Community Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, ²Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Biostatistics Division, Thomas Jefferson University, ³Department of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University

Date Published: January 29, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50008  |  Section: JoVE Clinical and Translational Medicine

Keywords: Medicine, Anatomy, Physiology, Immunology, Pharmacology, Hematology, Diseases, Health Care, Life sciences, Microcirculation, endothelial dysfunction, capillary density, microvascular function, blood vessels, capillaries, capillary, venous occlusion, circulation, experimental therapeutics, capillaroscopy

Small and Wide Angle X-Ray Scattering Studies of Biological Macromolecules in Solution

JoVE 4160

Li Liu, Lauren Boldon, Melissa Urquhart, Xiangyu Wang

Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Date Published: January 8, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4160  |  Section: JoVE Bioengineering

Keywords: Bioengineering, Biophysics, Structural Biology, Physics, Molecular Biology, Mechanical Engineering, Nanotechnology, Small angle X-ray scattering, wide angle X-ray scattering, X-ray, biological macromolecules

Patient-specific Modeling of the Heart: Estimation of Ventricular Fiber Orientations

JoVE 50125

Fijoy Vadakkumpadan, Hermenegild Arevalo, Natalia A. Trayanova

Institute for Computational Medicine and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University

Date Published: January 8, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50125  |  Section: JoVE Bioengineering

Keywords: Bioengineering, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, Anatomy, Physiology, Cardiology, Myocytes, Cardiac, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cardiac Electrophysiology, computerized simulation (general), mathematical modeling (systems analysis), Cardiomyocyte, biomedical image processing, patient-specific modeling, Electrophysiology, simulation

Integrated Photoacoustic Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography

JoVE 4390

Wei Song*^1,2, Qing Wei*¹, Shuliang Jiao³, Hao F. Zhang^1,4

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, ²Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, ³Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, ⁴Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University

Date Published: January 15, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4390  |  Section: JoVE Bioengineering

Keywords: Biomedical Engineering, Bioengineering, Medicine, Anatomy, Physiology, Opthalmology, Physics, Biophysics, Photoacoustic ophthalmology, ophthalmoscopy, optical coherence tomography, retinal imaging, spectral-domain, tomography, rat, animal model, imaging

Optical Frequency Domain Imaging of Ex vivo Pulmonary Resection Specimens: Obtaining One to One Image to Histopathology Correlation

JoVE 3855

Lida P. Hariri^1,2,3, Matthew B. Applegate⁴, Mari Mino-Kenudson^1,2, Eugene J. Mark^1,2, Brett E. Bouma^2,3, Guillermo J. Tearney^1,2,3, Melissa J. Suter^2,3,5

¹Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, ²Massachusetts General Hospital, ³Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, ⁴Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, ⁵Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Harvard Medical School

Date Published: January 22, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/3855  |  Section: JoVE Bioengineering

Keywords: Bioengineering, Medicine, Biomedical Engineering, Anatomy, Physiology, Cancer Biology, Pathology, Surgery, Bronchoscopic imaging, In vivo optical microscopy, Optical imaging, Optical coherence tomography, Optical frequency domain imaging, Histology correlation, animal model, histopathology, airway, lung, biopsy, imaging

Optical Trapping of Nanoparticles

JoVE 4424

Jarrah Bergeron, Ana Zehtabi-Oskuie, Saeedeh Ghaffari, Yuanjie Pang, Reuven Gordon

Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria

Date Published: January 15, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/4424  |  Section: JoVE Applied Physics

Keywords: Physics, Nanotechnology, Optics, Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Physical Sciences, Engineering, Plasmonics, optical trapping, dielectric nanoparticles, nanoholes, nanofabrication, nano, microfluidics

Nanomoulding of Functional Materials, a Versatile Complementary Pattern Replication Method to Nanoimprinting

JoVE 50177

Corsin Battaglia^1,2, Karin Söderström¹, Jordi Escarré¹, Franz-Josef Haug¹, Matthieu Despeisse¹, Christophe Ballif¹

¹Institute of Microengineering (IMT), Photovoltaics and Thin Film Electronics Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ²Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley

Date Published: January 23, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50177  |  Section: JoVE Applied Physics

Keywords: Materials Science, Nanotechnology, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Computer Sciences, Physics, dielectrics (electronic application), light emitting diodes (LED), lithography (circuit fabrication), nanodevices (electronic), optoelectronics (applications), photoelectric devices, semiconductor devices, solar cells (electrical design), Surface patterning, nanoimprinting, nanomoulding, transfer moulding, functional materials, transparent conductive oxides, microengineering, photovoltaics

Concurrent Quantitative Conductivity and Mechanical Properties Measurements of Organic Photovoltaic Materials using AFM

JoVE 50293

Maxim P. Nikiforov¹, Seth B. Darling^1,2

¹Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, ²Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago

Date Published: January 23, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50293  |  Section: JoVE Applied Physics

Keywords: Materials Science, Nanotechnology, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Computer Science, Physics, electrical transport properties in solids, condensed matter physics, thin films (theory, deposition and growth), conductivity (solid state), AFM, atomic force microscopy, electrical properties, mechanical properties, organic photovoltaics, microengineering, photovoltaics

Development of Whispering Gallery Mode Polymeric Micro-optical Electric Field Sensors

JoVE 50199

Tindaro Ioppolo, Volkan Ötügen, Ulas Ayaz

Mechanical Engineering Department, Southern Methodist University

Date Published: January 29, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/50199  |  Section: JoVE Applied Physics

Keywords: Mechanical Engineering, Physics, Optics, Materials Science, Chemical Engineering, electrostatics, optical fibers, optical materials, optical waveguides, optics, optoelectronics, photonics, geometrical optics, sensors, electric field, dielectric resonators, micro-spheres, whispering gallery mode, morphology dependent resonance, PDMS

Erratum: Simultaneous Intracellular Recording of a Lumbar Motoneuron and the Force Produced by its Motor Unit in the Adult Mouse In Vivo

Date Published: January 4, 2013  |  doi:10.3791/5050

Keywords: Errata